Terminator 2 vs the Matrix essays

Terminator 2 vs the Matrix essays The movies Terminator 2 and The Matrix both present separate views of a scientific reality. The idea that in the future our lives could be controlled by machines and not vice versa is readily embraced by both movies, which communicate this idea in different ways. The movie Terminator 2 embraces typical sci-fi topics such as time travel and robotics whilst The Matrix derives its meanings through concepts such as virtual reality. Through these separate entities, the viewer is able to open his or her mind to possibilities that were previously unsung before witnessing these movies. In our society, the importance lies in the present and not the future. These films attempt to bridge the gap between the separate realms of time and bring the future to the viewer. While both movies muster different meanings, both deal with a single issue, being the uncertainty of the future. The uncertainty of the future is a thought, which crosses the minds of most people during a lifetime. The directors of The Matrix and Terminator 2 both depict their values and attitudes on the subject through the plots of the film. It can be stated that James Cameron, director of Terminator 2, has a different vision of the future than the directors of The Matrix. Due to the complexly different plot lines and stories, it can be said that different people have different beliefs and as such, different expectations. This brings us back to the issue at hand, the uncertainty of the future. The fact that both films intertextually relate to one another further builds upon the issue of the uncertainty of the future. To be more specific, The Matrix intertextually relates to Terminator 2 because of the theme that technology has the power to rule over humans and vice versa. Particularly in the movie Terminator 2, the viewer is subject to the theme of machines becoming dominant over humans. The fact that the man-made machin...

Shorewood Soups Issues

Shorewood Soups Issues Abstract The report identifies and analyses the problem facing Shorewood Soups as it seeks to increase revenues from $100 million to $200 million, following a business-to-consumer strategy. It analyses the opportunities available and the threats facing the company. The report also offers a marketing mix strategy that includes the promotion of a refrigerated fresh soup product with gluten-free attributes.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Shorewood Soups Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The paper then supports the recommendations with the resource-based view theory analysis. The following case study discussions assume that the business environment affecting Shorewood Soups remained the same as explained in the case study. It also assumes that there will be interdepartmental support for the project at the time of execution. Problem Question The company needs a consumer-packaged goods strategy that will allow it to increase its revenues significantly. The current strategy has supported the growth of the business by only concentrating on the Business-to-Business (B2B) approaches using the bulk foodservice and buck retain option. While maintaining this option for the current business revenues, the company must also find room for Business to Consumer (B2C) options as a way of filling the $100-million-dollar revenue gap that it envisaged to earn in the next five years. The business must find a way to introduce a packaged or packaged products to the market with its gluten-free brand, ensuring that it maintains current efficiency levels of the business and shore up profit margins to ensure that the five-year target for the overall growth of the business remains achievable. It implies that the marketing and sales team has to do a good job to ensure that the first and second-year performances of the business are supportive of a trend towards the achievement of the main objective. This requiremen t highlights several factors that help to explain the problem that the company is facing. First, the company has almost exhausted its ability to improve the revenues for the current businesses. There is no structure and operating model that will take on the new retail branch of the business (De Assunà §o 2008). The sales team and the marketing team have been successful at doing another type of business, and there is uncertainty whether the success will replicate to the proposed move of Shorewood Soups (Anselmsson Johansson 2007).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, the minor problems that the company has include lack of brand personality, lack of existing structure to support the proposed CPG segment, and the development of an appropriate strategy that will support the new growth plan without introducing irrevocable problems for the existing business frame work and success of Shorewood Soups. As the company moves resources from its other operations and acquires new resources, it must be able to sustain growth momentum in the environment rather than pause and wait for the peak of revenue for the five-year point mark when the final evaluation would be due. Analysis of environment of Shorewood Soups According to the Porters five forces for competitive advantage, there are five critical forces that a business must look at when it is analysing its external environment. In Shorewood Soups case, the entry into the CPG market makes it a new entrant. Based on this understanding, its biggest concern is threats of substitutes, threats of other new entrants, threats of the existing rivalry within the market segment, and the bargaining power relations with buyers and suppliers. The table below helps to perform the analysis for Shorewood Soups. Table 1: Porters Five Forces Analysis for Shorewood Soups’ new business plan Force Effect Bar gaining power of buyers Buyers are not organized in the consumer packaged goods segment. Therefore, they have limited power Bargaining power of sellers The company makes its soup, but suppliers are not organized for other operations requirements; they are many. Therefore, there is no major power held Threat of new entrants New entrants pose a big threat because they will be eyeing the same market segment. However, no notable new entrants have been identified. Threat of existing rivalry The existing rivalry is very high; this threat will remain high Threat of substitutes There are no notable substitutes of soup. There are also limited options for gluten-free products. Based on the analysis summarized in the table above, the external environment for Shorewood Soups is supporting the business’ new foray into the CPG market. Nevertheless, the threats and opportunities available are critical for influencing the successful strategy that the company has in place (Forlani, Mullins Walker 2002). The analysis only considers the new business segment. Notably, there is a projected double increase in the refrigerated fresh soup market segment, which accounts for less than 3% of all retail soup sales. New entrants may be eyeing the market (Gulati Oldroyd 2005). In the consumer retail segment, the threshold for new entry continues to decrease. A 3% market share with projected 50% growth will appear lucrative.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Shorewood Soups Issues specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another important factor for this indication is that it is a consumer trend, rather than a producer trend; the demand is increasing. Another significant demand trend has been on ready-to-serve broth, whose demand has doubled from 2004 to 2009 to make it constitute 12% of all retail soup sales. These two market segments are the most lucrative based on Shorewood Soups’ strategy, and that is why they form the biggest environmental variables for the company (Hansen, McDonald Mitchell 2013). The next section explains how these and associated factors influence the opportunities and threats to the company. Main marketing opportunities/threats A SWOT analysis framework will be useful in reviewing the marketing opportunities and threats facing Shorewood Soups, The SWOT analysis is a marketing theory that helps marketers to form a final objective of their project (Hauser, Tellis Griffin 2006). It highlights the strengths and weaknesses of a business, which also show its internal environment. It compares them to the opportunities and threats of the business, which make its external environment. The SWOT relies on the right questions being asked, and that is why it is often case specific. In this paper, the SWOT analysis is used to find out the external environment conditions for Shorewood Soups, concerning its intention to launch CPGs (Herbet-Maccaro Ottley 2012). Table 2: SWOT analysis for Shorewood Soup Strengths Good product awareness/ brand reputation (30%) Gluten-free branding A strong marketing team Weaknesses No internal structures for serving CPG market segment Untested marketing strategy proposals Opportunities Refrigerated fresh soup segment ready to serve broth Convenient packaging to adapt to trends in increased convenience + healthy options Gluten-free branding for CPG Threats Market entry and an increase in product segmentation by dominant players (increased rivalry) such as Campbell As the SWOT analysis has shown above, there are significant opportunities and threats affecting the prospects of Shorewood Soups. First, the company has to consider launching its new consumer packaged goods product in the two categories earlier highlighted as the most lucrative (Williams, Kannan Azarm 2011; Åžeref, Carrillo Yenipazarli 2015). They are growing segments of the market, driven by demand. Major segments of Shorewood Soups Discussion on types of research of the segments that would be needed to develop a marketing strategyAdvertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company has to consider the level of patience that the consumers have with a new product. This will affect their willingness to try out the new product and stay loyal throughout its testing process in the market. It must also research to find out whether the targeted consumers are replacement buyers, or they are first time buyers. Other factors to consider in this case include the effect on product reputation that the new product quality and pricing will have on the companys overall market and its specific market segments. The intention here is to achieve a comfortable level of certainty that allows the management to go ahead with the plan without risking jeopardizing its operations and any of the factors that are highlighted as areas for further research (Pedram Balachander 2015). Once the company goes ahead with its announcement of a new product for the consumer market, it will be signalling a change of strategy to consumers and its employees. The company may consider the int eraction of the product and its target groups of consumers. It might go ahead with preannouncement to confirm these expectations and have them influence the major product and distribution, as well as marketing decisions. Besides, it will seek to estimate the right packaging look and size for its most popular product in the segment. It implies that first, there must be a decision made concerning the number of different brands to launch, and whether those brands will have a specific name or tag that associates or disassociates them with the rest of the companys products (Su Rao 2010). Another issue worth looking at is the generational differences among consumers. Based on the preliminary strategy information presented in the case, the company will be targeting people who are in their late twenties and early thirties for its gluten-free consumer brand. Also, it might have to look at whether there are similarities and differences that are worth noting within the targeted years because they influence the effectiveness of a particular direct marketing strategy that it embraces. So far, the company is considering the use of consumer advertising, point-of-sale and merchandising materials, public relations and partnerships, website enhancements, demos, tastings and events, grassroots promotion, direct mail campaign, and social media. It must use the options according to their cost implication and their ability to achieve the expected sales outcomes (Yannopoulos, Auh Menguc 2012). While considering its financial position and projections as a factor for evaluating choices, the company needs to also research on the short-term or long-term nature of the respective marketing strategies (Van Tonder Mulder 2015). Lastly, the company needs research on resources that allow it to specialize and achieve competencies that ensure its products are superior to the companies across different consumer scales. Consumer tastes and preferences will need to be established alongside the information presented in reviewing the competency of the firm (Hansen, McDonald Mitchell 2013). SMART objectives of the organization The concept of SMART objectives uses the mnemonic acronym to imply that objectives need to be specific, measurable, assignable/actionable, realistic, and time-related. The objective of Shorewood Soups is to increase its revenue from $100 million to $200 million in five years from the year 2009 to the year 2014 (Ke, Shen Li 2013). In addition, the objective will be realized through strategies implemented by the marketing division of the company. The division has been allocated funds for the project, and it will report to the executive on its progress on the project. The achievement of the objectives will be measured by the attainment of revenue growth, which conforms to a projection on reaching the target when the specified period ends (Herpen, Nierop Sloot 2012). The objective has to be realistic for it to conform to the SMART criteria. In this case , the company has allocated funds and allowed the marketing division to bring new staff and resources to help (Jonas Roosen 2008). In addition, this division is the most spirited in the organization and its leadership will not change during the implementation phase of the project. Based on these facts, the projected increase in earnings is realistic. Besides, the product’s ingredients will affect the typical selling package for a consumer packaged goods segment for soups, as there is a substantial public health concern for gluten intolerance. Finally, the market share that Shorewood Soups takes out of the $5 billion allergen-free foods market value of 2008 can also measure the achievement of the goals. Explanation of proposed marketing mix strategy There are four factors worth breaking down in covering the marketing mix. They collectively form the marketing strategies. According to the 7Ps of marketing theory, which extends the 4Ps of marketing, a firm has to look at people, processes and physical evidence factors, in addition to product, place, price, and promotion (Liao, Chen Tseng 2009). The proposed product is a refrigerated fresh soup brand by Shorewood Soups. It will be distributed in supermarkets and other conventional stores that target shoppers seeking healthy alternatives to their food (Ke, Shen Li 2013). The product will be priced within the range of competing products that have a quality attribute, with the price difference being within the range of $1. The promotion strategy will be multifaceted. It will include five direct marketing options that will be influenced by the reception that the marketing team has with focus groups on its main consumer segments. These segments are the ones that have a substantial population of people seeking gluten-free substitutes as their food (Kulmala, Mesiranta Tuominen 2013). The people in charge of the new products will be the marketing team structured to influence operations at the company level and e fforts of marketing in the field. Kevin O’Leary will head the team that is in charge of the new marketing strategy. He will coordinate efforts with operations and other divisions of the company to ensure that all aspects of the strategy are well funded and supported. He will manage conflicts among staffs in the implementation team (Lingelbach, Patino Pitta 2012; Lowe Alpert 2010). The processes involved in marketing will include announcements, product design, and promotion of the product during launch and after launch, collaboration with retailers and setting up of competitive strategies for ensuring that the product is visible and dominant in the target consumer groups (Lowe Alpert 2010). The products vary in the quality and functionality in comparison to the existing market conditions. These features will be the physical conditions for the product, including its gluten-free ingredients. In addition, the promotional strategies used will include aspects of tasting and merc handising to ensure that consumers are interacting with the physical product (Van Den Bulte 2000; Ngobo 2011). Justification of proposed marketing mix strategy for Shorewood Soups in overcoming the identified problem According to the above marketing mix strategy, there are several elements that will be considered for it to succeed. The case study provides information showing the relevance of the proposed options when used as part of the marketing mix (Tatikonda Montoya-Weiss 2001). First, the most lucrative products are ready-to-serve broth and refrigerated fresh soup. In the first case, the biggest company in the market, Campbell, is serving the segment. It uses an established brand name based on its licensing agreement with Wolfgang Puck Worldwide Inc. (Herbet-Maccaro Ottley 2012). This leaves the best option as the fresh refrigerated soup, given that the other options considered in the case are including non-desirable ingredients and, therefore, are less healthy. They are also less lucrative concerning market growth, given the existing market rivalry in the industry (Tan Cadeaux 2012). The best strategy is one that includes a product that is in a rapidly growing market. That way, new entrants like Shorewood Soups can capture their share of the market without having to displace the incumbents. The pricing was arrived at from the consideration that consumers would be sensitive to price. They would welcome a healthy alternative, but only when it is within their grocery shopping allowances. In this regard, it would be able to compete from a price point of view, as well as a quality and functionality aspect. The place for sale conforms to the popular way of distributing consumer-packaged goods. The case study notes that there are consumers looking for convenient and healthy alternatives (Herbet-Maccaro Ottley 2012). Such consumers will shop at healthy food stores and food segments in supermarkets. The rival products are also sold at these places (Panigrahi, Ede, Calcich 2003). The options presented for promotion are also valid because the â€Å"gluten-free† brand is a growing niche product. It has loyal consumer groups that can serve as brand ambassadors and help the company to achieve its objective and still have lower promotion costs. Thus, targeting the groups in a direct manner in social media and testing exhibitions at supermarkets will be excellent strategies (Luo 2010; Olson et al. 2001). Evidence and theory to show the proposed strategy will work This paper used various theories of marketing to analyse the opportunities and threats of the business, as well as the elements of the marketing mix. According to the resource-based view theory of competitiveness, a firm can only compete in the long-term when it manages to sustain competitive capabilities that fulfil the value, rarity, inimitable, and non-substitutable elements. An understanding of the theory’s VRIN framework helps to analyse the proposed strategy critic ally. The proposed product is valuable and will, therefore, elicit demand from consumers. The marketing team behind the product is well experienced in doing things the hard way. The company culture is valuable to Shorewood Soups at the time of launching the new product (Herbet-Maccaro Ottley 2012). The rareness in the strategy proposed also helps it to contribute to the competitive capabilities of the firm. The proposal is to use new forms of marketing in combination with existing forms, such as giving out free samples. These resources are also available in the competition, but they cannot be ignored. Otherwise, the strategy would not work. In addition, there is the gluten-free brand that the company will be using. This branding will help to grow the brands personality of the Shorewood product (Swink Song 2007). Competing firms may opt to introduce new gluten-free products, but they will not have the same advantage as Shorewood Soups. The company makes its soup and has great contr ol over the quality (Su Rao 2010; Othman Rahman 2014). It can promise consumers the best quality that its competitors will not match easily. The actual product comes in a refrigerated form, which is an acceptable way of storing fresh produce (Schà ¶n 2010). The product feature will help the company to sustain its other operations strategies, such as making bulk deliveries to retailers as though they were its clients (Teimoury Fathi 2013). The new marketing mix will fit into the existing structure well to create a unique blend that is non-substitutable in the short run. Companies seeking to copy the strategy must first achieve the other attributes of competition enjoyed by Shorewood, which will take them several years (Reffelt, Schmitt Meye 2013; Åžeref, Carrillo Yenipazarli 2015). Discussion of implications envisaged for the implementation of the proposed strategy The companys marketing division will adopt a new structure when implementing the strategy. There will be a need for an independent team that has access to other departments and works according to the objectives of the project. The team will have less stringent rules to allow it to experiment with various options within the objectives and project deliverable parameters (Amini Li 2015). As the team interacts with the project features, it will gain more knowledge about the task and be able to make informed decisions. The decision-making elements and tradition of the firm will need to change to accommodate this new approach (Calantone, Drà ¶ge Vickery 2002). Overall, the company will be making new processes and using change implantation strategies for its internal operations, in addition to the marketing strategies that have been explored in this report (Reffelt, Schmitt Meye 2013). Reference List Amini, M Li, H 2015, The impact of dual-market on supply chain configuration for new products, International Journal of Production Research, vol 53, no. 18, pp. 5669-5684. Anselmsson, J Johansson, U 2007, Corporate social responsibility and the positioning of grocery brands; An exploratory study of retailer and manufacturer brands at point of purchase, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, vol 35, no. 10, pp. 835-856. Calantone, R, Drà ¶ge, C Vickery, S 2002, Investigating the manufacturing–marketing interface in new product development: does context affect the strength of relationships?, Journal of Operations Management, vol 20, no. 3, pp. 273-287. De Assunà §o, JB 2008, From the special issue editor: Bridging marketing and operations in new product development, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol 25, no. 5, pp. 414-417. Forlani, D, Mullins, JW Walker, OC 2002, New product decision making: How chance and size of loss influence what marketing managers see and do, Psychology and Marketing, vol 19, no. 11, pp. 957-981. Gulati, R Oldroyd, JB 2005, The quest for consumer focus, Harvard Business Review, vol 83, no. 4, pp. 92-101. Hansen, J, McDonald, R Mitchell, R 2013, Competence resources specialization, causal ambiguity, and the creation and decay of competitiveness: The role of marketing strategy in new product performance and shareholder value, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol 41, no. 3, pp. 300-319. Hauser, J, Tellis, GJ Griffin, A 2006, Research on innovation: A review and agenda for marketing science, Marketing Science, vol 25, no. 6, pp. 867-717. Herbet-Maccaro, KA Ottley, G 2012, Shorewood Soups: To B2C or Not to B2C, Babson College. Herpen, E, Nierop, E Sloot, L 2012, The relationship between in-store marketing and observed sales for organic versus fair trade products, Marketing Letters, vol 23, no. 1, pp. 293-308. Jonas, A Roosen, J 2008, Demand for milk labels in Germany: organic milk, conventional brands, and retail labels, Agribusiness, vol 24, no. 2, pp. 192-206. Ke, TT, Shen, ZM Li, S 2013, How inventory cost influences introduction timing of product line extensions, Production and Operations Management, vol 22, no. 5, pp. 1214-1231. Kulmala, M, Mesiranta, N Tuominen, P 2013, Organic and amplified eWOM in consumer fashion blogs, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, vol 17, no. 1, pp. 20-37. Liao, S-H, Chen, Y-N Tseng, Y-Y 2009, Mining demand chain knowledge of life insurance market for new product-development, Expert Systems With Applications, vol 36, no. 5, pp. 9422-9437. Lingelbach, D, Patino, A Pitta, DA 2012, The emergence of marketing in Millennial new ventures, Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol 29, no. 2, pp. 136-145. Lowe, B Alpert, F 2010, Pricing strategy and the formation and evolution of reference price perceptions in new product categories, Psychology and Marketing, vol 27, no. 9, pp. 846-873. Luo, X 2010, Product competitiveness and beating analyst earnings target, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol 38, no. 3, pp. 253-264. Ngobo, PV 2011, What drives household choice of organic products in grocery stores?, Journal o f Retailing, vol 87, no. 1, pp. 90-100. Olson, EM, Walker, OC, Ruekerf, RW Bonnerd, JM 2001, Patterns of cooperation during new product development among marketing, operations and RD: Implications for project performance, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol 18, no. 4, pp. 258-271. Othman, C Rahman, MS 2014, Investigation of the relationship of brand personality, subjective norm and perceived control on consumers purchase intention of organic fast food, Modern Applied Science, vol 8, no. 3, pp. 92-106. Panigrahi, B, Ede, FO Calcich, S 2003, A comparison of test marketing practices of large and small consumer goods manufacturing firms, Management Research News, vol 26, no. 6, pp. 1-20. Pedram, M Balachander, S 2015, Increasing quality sequence: When is it an optimal product introduction strategy?, Management Science, vol 61, no. 10, pp. 2487-2494. Reffelt, U, Schmitt, B Meye, A 2013, Marketing function and form: How functionalist and experimential architectures affect b rand personality, International Journal of Research in Marketing, vol 30, no. 3, pp. 201-210. Schà ¶n, C 2010, On the product line selection problem under attraction choice models on consumer behavior, European Journal of Operational Research, vol 206, no. 1, pp. 260-264. Åžeref, MMH, Carrillo, JE Yenipazarli, A 2015, Multi-generation pricing and timing decisions in new product development, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 53, no. 21, pp. 1-19. Su, M Rao, VR 2010, New product preannouncement as asSignaling strategy: An audience†specific review and analysis, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol 27, no. 5, pp. 658-672. Swink, M Song, M 2007, Effects of marketing-manufacturing integration on new product development time and competitive advantage, Journal of Operations Management, vol 25, no. 1, pp. 203-217. Tan, LP Cadeaux, J 2012, Intra-category competition, entry probability, and private label share; Evidence from organic food retailing in Aust ralia, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol 24, no. 3, pp. 414-432. Tatikonda, MV Montoya-Weiss, MM 2001, Integrating operations and marketing perspectives of product innovation: The influence of organizational process factors and capabilities on development performance, Management Science, vol 47, no. 1, pp. 151-172. Teimoury, E Fathi, M 2013, An integrated operations-marketing perspective for making decisions about order penetration point in multi-product supply chain: a queuing approach, International Journal of Production Research, vol 51, no. 18, pp. 5576-5596. Van Den Bulte, C 2000, New product diffusion acceleration: Measurement and analysis, Marketing Science, vol 19, no. 4, pp. 366-380. Van Tonder, EM Mulder, D 2015, Marketing communication for organic wine: Semiotic guidelines for wine bottle front labels, Communication, vol 41, no. 1, pp. 131-151. Williams, N, Kannan, PK Azarm, S 2011, Retail channel structure impact on strategic engineering product de sign, Management Science, vol 57, no. 5, pp. 897-914. Yannopoulos, P, Auh, S Menguc, B 2012, Achieving fit between learning and market orientation: Implications for new product performance, Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol 29, no. 4, pp. 531-545.

Primary source analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Primary source analysis - Essay Example His spiritual level is supposed to be at par with Buddha. So, the issue is defined in clear terms in the sutra that enlightenment does not depend on initiation. Vimalakirti belonged to Licchavi, one of the ruling clans of ancient India, and he commanded high respect from all. The second chapter makes a reference to his illness. There is passing reference to his feigning illness but the fact is he probably has taken the illness of one of his devotees upon himself. People come to enquire about his welfare and Vimalakirti takes that opportunity to preach the finer aspects of dharma and many of them are blessed with enlightenment. In the ensuing chapters Lord Buddha advises his disciples and bodhisattvas to visit Vimalakirti as well. But they are disinclined to go and make pretexts, because in the past they had all been overwhelmed by Vimalakirtis loftier understanding of the ultimate spiritual truth. Vimalakriti owns extraordinary spiritual talent. Evan Manjusri, bodhisattva of wisdom, is no match for him. When he agrees to visit Vimalakriti, a galaxy of Buddha’s disciples, bodhisattvas, gods and goddesses decide to follow him to avail the opportunity to watch the two great spiritual giants conversing with each other. All of them know that it would be an astounding and illuminating experience. Soon the room where Vimalakirti is convalescing becomes the spiritual dispensation center. A large number of people keep on arriving to that place and proclaim that they have enjoyed the realm of bliss with his audience. In the discussion with visitors and Buddha’s disciples, Vimalakirti’s elucidation leads them to higher realms of spirituality, and their existing grasp of the issues are rectified. In the meantime, Buddha is delivering his spiritual sermons in the garden. Vimalakirti presents himself there along with his large number of

Compare one of the two indian captivity narratives, of either mary Essay

Compare one of the two indian captivity narratives, of either mary rowlandson or mary jemison with the film the searchers - Essay Example The story begins when the Jemison was kidnapped from outside her home in Pennsylvania. She did not speak for several days, and the first time she uttered a word, she said â€Å"I want to die† (Jemison 13). After arriving at Fort Duquesne, she again spoke only to tell her captors her name (Jemison 21). However, in the course of her silence, Jemison slowly began to accept the Seneca culture. She began speaking in Seneca language and comforted two sisters who lost their brother in a combat against the English (Jemison 25-6). The two small events started her immersion in the tribe’s culture, and it was even furthered by her marriage to a Delaware member, Sheninjee. She built a family with her spouse, and even before her son Thomas was born, she is almost completely immersed in the Indian-American culture (Jemison 31). She felt contented with her life there, and even when she was widowed, she pursued a second marriage within the tribe, even proclaiming to an escaped slave th at she is â€Å"one of the Indians and she is a Seneca† (Jemison 44).

How Assumptions Influence Our Behavior Essay Example for Free

How Assumptions Influence Our Behavior Essay Assumption analysis describes the activity adults engage in to bring to awareness beliefs, values, cultural practices, and social structures regulating behavior and to assess their impact on daily activities. Assumptions may be paradigmatic, prescriptive, or causal (Brookfield 1995). Assumptions structure our way of seeing reality, govern our behavior, and describe how relationships should be ordered. Assumption analysis as a first step in the critical reflection process makes explicit our taken-for-granted notions of reality. Contextual awareness is achieved when adult learners come to realize that their assumptions are socially and personally created in a specific historical and cultural context. Imaginative speculation provides an opportunity for adults to challenge prevailing ways of knowing and acting by imagining alternative ways of thinking about phenomena (Cranton 1996). The outcome of assumption analysis, contextual awareness, and imaginative speculation is reflective skepticism-the questioning of any universal truth claims or unexamined patterns of interaction. Former president Ronald Reagan simply assumed that everyone he encountered would like him; this belief was part of the fabric of his personality. The results were intriguing, in that even his enemies were attracted to him socially. His arch-nemesis in Congress, Democratic leader Thomas Tip ONeil, commented that while he hated Reagans policies, on the personal level, I find it impossible to dislike the guy. At the other extreme, premature cognitive commitments too often work against us. A childhood friend, whom I considered brilliant when we were kids, in his mid-forties confessed to me that he had lived beneath his potential for much of his life. In sixth grade, he explained, his teacher belittled his work in such a way that it left him convinced he was incapable of academic learning. That conviction, which he carried throughout his teenage years and into adulthood, caused him to avoid challenging courses in junior high and high school, to stay away from college, and to settle for a job that didnt tap his capabilities well. Only now was he beginning to revisit that assumption, and to realize just how greatly it had restricted his choices (Smith 2004). Becoming fully aware of our default assumptions can take work, reflection and determination, and the help of a counselor or trusted friend can be invaluable in the process. Yet the task is typically not Herculean either. If our negative expectations spring from a traumatic past experience, to be sure, the task of uncovering repressed memories may be painful, and may require special help. This is the extreme case, though. References Brookfield, S. (1995) Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass, Cranton, P, (1996) Professional Development as Transformative Learning: New Perspectives for Teachers of Adults. San Francisco: Jossey Bass. Smith, Blaine M (2004) Reshaping Assumptions That Shape Our Life: Damascus, MD

American Immigration Essay -- United States History Historical Essays

American Immigration During the early 1900’s a vast amount of people both immigrated and migrated to the United States in search of money, better jobs, new lives, etc. Yet, the people who immigrated and migrated to the United States were each a part of different cultures: from Italian to German, French to Jewish, Irish to African American (American Cities/New York/African American/Intergroup Relations/Color Lines). New York City was a prime location for the immigrants and migrants of the time to create their new lives. They joked that â€Å"The Jews own New York, the Irish run it and the Negroes enjoy it† (American Cities/New York/African American/Intergroup Relations/Color Lines). The single line clearly shows how each group, Jewish, Italian, and African American, had distinct experiences from one another. Although they had experiences that were different, the immigrants and migrants all experienced some of the same feelings, being in a new place, being discriminated against and being alone. After immigrating and migrating to the United States, Eastern European Jews, Italians, and African Americans had experiences that were unique as well as similar to each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first experience of immigrants and migrants was the area of neighborhood they chose to live in. In New York, African Americans migrated primarily to Harlem, yet were scattered in different neighborhoods. This was an ideal location for African Americans, since â€Å"most people in New York were so busy they hadn’t time to spend hating other people† (American Cities/New York/African American/Intergroup Relations/Color Lines). Although most of the New Yorkers did not discriminate, there was still a portion of the population that contained Southern whites, who felt that the African Americans were taking over the white neighborhoods (American Cities/New York/African American/Intergroup Relations/Color Lines). Within these neighborhoods was where the African Americans encountered prejudice and persecution (Global View/Arrival/Northern Train Stations/letters/The Exodus During the World War). Although the African Americans moved north to escape the effec ts of slavery, the prejudices still followed them to New York, where being spread across the city did not help.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Italians and the Eastern European Jews, on the other hand, immigrated to New York â€Å"as part of a larger family, kin or vi... ...merican ideals to prove that.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eastern European Jews, Italians and African Americans had experiences, which allowed the groups to connect and feel as one group, immigrating and migrating to find a better life, and also separated them from one another. Through the neighborhoods they lived in, the organizations and churches they began, the jobs they worked in, and accepting American ideals as their own, the immigrants were similar in their experiences. The African Americans experienced more prejudices due to their race then the Italians or the Jews. This, overall, affected their way of life and experiences in America, while the Italians and Jews led fairly typical American lives. This same problem of forcing American Ideals upon immigrants to prevent discrimination is still an issue today. Should the only way for immigrants and migrants to live enjoyable lives are to conform to American ideals and morals, or should each individual be allowed the choice to be different and not undergo assumptions made by the American Citizens? People should be treated equally whether they choose to assimilate or continue to follow their culture. This is the land of the free home of the brave.

Find out whether or not congestion zones are a good idea

Are Congestion Zones A Good Idea? In this report I will be finding out whether or not congestion zones are a good idea, using researched data, charts and tables to back up my ideas. The conclusion of this matter relies on how accurate and reliable the information is. Congestion Zones are used in hope that traffic gets reduced. The mayor of London has recently put congestion zones into place in hopes they will reduce traffic by 15%. Critics of the scheme however, say that it is unworkable and unfair. They also claim it will probably lead to more congestion as people try to avoid the charging areas. Central London has had a dramatic cut in traffic since the introduction of the congestion charge. 40 000 less people are driving through the zone each Some people agree with the congestion charge, and can produce many facts to support their view. My source one can also provide many facts and figures. Source one says that since the congestion zone was put into place, traffic had been cut by 18%, and delays were down by 30% since the congestion zone has been bought in, the advantage of congestion zone was clear as the traffic was rapidly decreasing after the introduction of congestion zones. If the traffic is reduced then there will be no delays so not that much pollution released in to the atmosphere; which leads to climate effects for example global warming. The public transport in the city has improved dramatically by 20%, with 29,000 more people using the service- which will mean much more money towards its improvement. This also contributes to the protection of our planet against climate changes which can have social effects. If more people chose to use the bus or taxi then this would improve their health as they would walk and always go on separate cars. Source one also says that the streets of London were ‘clogged' and the heavy traffic on the roads were costing businesses approximately i2 million a week. Congestion zones are good because people only use them if they really have to, the evidence to this point is in source 1 when it states â€Å"there are 65,000 fewer car trips†, and so this means a cut down on gases being emitted into the air. So, less pollution. Source 1 also states that the costs that people pay are going towards the environment, new more environmentally friendly buses. As i50m is contributed mainly through quicker and more reliable journeys for road and bus users. This is also an advantage as the money is not going to the government but is used to help our transport. The news article declares that, Research, polls and surveys also shows that 75% of Londoners supported the scheme ‘because it works'. That factor that it really helps us as all of the congestion charge is kindly contributed to improving the public transport. Source 2 goes on saying that there research have shown that there was much urgently street works done with the help of this money, such as replacing ancient leaking water pipes. If congestion zones are reducing traffic by 21 per cent and 70,000 cars every day then it must really work. On the other hand congestion zones can also become a disadvantage. For my second source, I have a newspaper article from London Evening Standard news to support my point. In this source, Angie Bray sates that the rate of traffic rose to 2. 6 and 2. 7 minutes per kilometre. This is a disadvantage as if there is a high traffic rate then the will be more pollution caused than cars at normal speed. The number of cars that was entering the congestion zone has rapidly increased from previous years. The newspaper clearly states that â€Å"surely now is the time to start thinking about an alternative way to tackle congestion†. Evidently, the congestion charge did not really work out as the number of cars has risen. The local newspaper gave me evidence that congestion charge was a failure as it states that earlier this month their research has told them that traffic in the morning rush hour was running more slowly than before the scheme began. Angie Bray speaks that the charge has lost its main justification. Which is truly concerning as there is no change in climate. Congestion charge has a knock on effect on the environment and economically. Not many people will want to pass through the zone unless it's necessary, so they would find other alternative ways to pass the area causing more congestion in other roots. This effects the people around that area as they live in an atmosphere filled with bio-products. Thus, many would use buses to travel instead of their own cars. This again results in a disadvantage of congestion zones as there is more buses equals' huge amount of pollution made by one bus against 10 cars. Congestion charges can affect people and also businesses. This is because businesses have lost profits after the congestion zones were placed. As businesses need stock delivery which might need to cross the charging area which trails to extra costs, leading to lower profits. The workers might have to cross the congestion zone to go to work every day, resulting in quitting that job. This again affects the businesses to lose their workers. The evidence from source 1 supports my point as it states that 68% of retail businesses said the scheme would have been better without the charge. Source reliability can make all the difference, which is why I have picked three very reliable sources. My Source one is a report by BBCNEWS. I feel this makes it very reliable. This is because the BBC is a well-known and trusted organisation, backed by the government. The Source also includes exclusive interviews for the BBC by the mayor of the time, Ken Livingstone. This report was published on the 17th February 2004. Though this source is a lot years old, I think it is still reliable, because the evidence is still valid. The Source is very relevant to the question, as it provides facts supported and given by the government, but also includes opinions of Londoners. The Source also has validity, as it addresses all the factors that it claims to. My source 2 is as reliable as source one as it is a report from the local newspaper for London readers. It is well known in London so it is trusted a lot. This report contains exclusive interviews with Angie Bray. However it was published in 22th November 2007 as this means it are a couple of years old, so it is not reliable as this data is not up to date and might not be the case now. My source three holds a great importance of the reliability as it is reliable. This is because facts and figures form the article is as relevant and reliable. As it comes from a trust worthy newspaper article. Because the stats are from the government, they are going to be very reliable indeed, as they will contain no gossip, rumours or assumptions. Out of all my Sources; I feel that my Source two is most reliable. This is due to age, validity, fact, bias, author and the exclusive interviews. This Source shows both positive and negative points about the congestion charge. The congestion charge also has an impact on many other things, which I can place under Social, Economic and Environmental. The social effects are that the people that will be affected by this are local. It will mainly affect local, seeing as those in the area will either have to pay the charge, or they will be facing probable delays on alternate routes, due to the number of people trying to avoid the area. They will also benefit from the cleaner, safer air if they live around the congestion zones. If a person is caught up in heavy traffic their journey times will be unreliable, impacting on all sorts of thing such as family, work, health appointments etc. The economic effects are that for those that have no choice but to pass through the zone it is just adding to their payments. Not only do they have bills and road tax, but now they have to pay i8. 00 every time they need to get somewhere essential, such as my research shows some businesses are being affected by things such for instance stock delivery, which now costs the business more because of the charge. Finally the environmental effects are, obviously pollution plays a big part in the charge. My data shows that the pollution levels inside the zones are decreasing massively. With toxic nitrogen levels dropping quicker but still maintaining a normal level, it seems to be like the charge is working. As for the environment, if a vehicle is moving slowly or stationary, it produces more carbon emissions than if it moves at a normal speed. Thus, more global warming and other climate change which affect animals and humans. The other gases are released like sulphur dioxide, this will cause acid rain and damage the marble and other materials which costs a lot to repair. One of the negative effects of the congestion charge is its knock-on effect on the wider community; with people looking for new routes, surrounding areas could become clogged with congestion, and we would have the same problem all over again. To conclude, after considering all the evidence for both sides, I think that overall congestion charges are a good idea. That's not to say that it doesn't have its negative points though, because it does. The information that most helped me reach my decision was the data I found, and my source 1, BBCNEWS report. This is because I feel the health of the people will be improving, and you can't really argue with that. Also, the fact that the money is being spent on the public- which I think is a brilliant idea. However, like I have said, the congestion charge does not come without its negative points, such as: people paying a ‘double tax' when they have no choice, delays and congestion being created on alternate routes due to drivers trying to avoid the congestion charge area, and also, the fact that some businesses are suffering is something that I find quite unacceptable. So yes, the system does need some tweaking, but overall think it is a good idea that initially solves a problem. I think my conclusion is valid because I have considered all of the evidence and made an educated decision.

Importance of Flowers in Our Lives

Flowers are wonderful creations of nature and are one of the most beautiful gifts of nature. Flowers are of utmost importance in every sphere of human life. Flowers arrangement of various designs and types are available for making various occasions of our life more cherished. Several occasions in our society such as birthdays, anniversaries, Valentine’s Day, weddings, etc. need flowers to celebrate. Colourful and fragrant flowers make every occasion bright and happy. People of all ages from child to old people love flowers.Gifting flowers is the most affectionate expression of love to the dear ones. Hence, flower is a must in each and every occasions of our life. Flowers play an important role in making the life of a human being more cheerful and happy. People use flowers in several forms and on several occasions.Flowers are used as beautiful flower arrangements for decorating homes. They are also help people in proposing their partner for life, as well as flowers are used as a symbol of mourn and tribute on loved ones funeral. Apart from above said uses, there are several other uses of flowers in various activities of our daily life.Varieties of flowers RoseA rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosacea. There are over 100 species. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. SunflowerThe sunflower is an annual plant native to the Americas. Its name is derived from the flower's shape and image, which is often used to capture the sun. The plant has a rough, hairy stem, broad, coarsely toothed, rough leaves, and circular flower heads.JasmineJasmine is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family. It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa.LotusThe Lotus, the national flower of India, is a symbol of supreme reality. Hindu religion and mythology portray goddess Saraswathi, the muse of l earning, as being seated on a lotus flower.TulipThe tulip is a perennial, bulbous plant with showy flowers in the genus Tulipa, of which around 75 wild species are currently accepted and which belongs to the family Liliaceae.LilyLily is a feminine given name directly derived from lily, the flower. In the United States, â€Å"Lily† became one of the top-100 names for newborn girls in 2002 and reached a rank of 18 by 2009. hibiscusHibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is quite large, containing several hundred species that are native to warm-temperate, subtropical and tropical regions throughout the world.

The Unification of Germany, Italy, and the United States essays

The Unification of Germany, Italy, and the United States essays The national unification of Italy, Germany, and the United States had many similarities and differences. When Germany and Italy experienced unification, the United States was already unified but going through a process of conserving the union of its states. While both the United States and Germany contained one main influential leader during their time of unification, Italy experienced two main leaders that were an essential part of its unification. Cavour was an important leader because he unified northern Italy. Another leader was Garibaldi who is responsible for uniting the southern and northern parts of Italy. For Germany, after the failure of the German revolutionaries of 1848, the German Confederation was a loose union of thirty-nine states. In 1862, Bismarck was declared minister-president of Prussia. Bismarck had a strong personality and a great desire for power. In his conquest to unify Germany, Bismarck fought against Austria as the Prussian ambassador to the German Confederation from 1857-1859. His goal was to build up Prussia's strength and consolidate Prussia''s great power status. To do that, he decided to ally with the forces of German nationalism to defeat and expel Austria from German affairs. To bring the provinces into a more centralized Danish State against the will of the German Confederation, Prussia joined Austria in a war against Denmark and succeeded in 1864. Bismarck felt that Prussia had to completely control the northern part of the German Confederation, which meant Austria was excluded from German affairs. After victory over Denmark, Bismarck placed Prussia in a position to force out Austria. In 1867, Bismarck formed an alliance with four south German states, but they didn't go further because of their different religious and political traditions. Bismarck found that a patriotic war with France would create the participation of the south German States in a unified Germany. When the war with France be...

MUNRO Surname Meaning and Origin

MUNRO Surname Meaning and Origin The Munro surname is usually a Scottish variant of the surname Monroe, with  several possible origins: derived from the Gaelic name Rothach, meaning man from Ro, or someone who came from  the foot of the  River Roe  in County Derry.From bun ,meaning mouth of and roe, meaning a river. In Gaelic the b often becomes an m - hence the surname MUNRO.Possibly a derivation of  Maolruadh, from maol, meaning bald, and ruadh, meaning red or auburn. Surname Origin: Irish, Scottish Alternate Surname Spellings: MUNROE, MUNROW, MUNROSE, MONRO, MONROE Where in the World is the MUNRO Surname Found? Despite originating in Ireland, the Munro surname is most prevalent in England,  according to surname distribution data from Forebears, but ranks higher based on percentage of population in Scotland, where it ranks as the 61st most common surname in the country. Its also fairly common in New Zealand (133rd), Australia (257th), and Canada (437th). In 1881 Scotland, Munro was a very common surname, especially in both Ross and Cromarty and Sutherland, where it ranked 7th, followed by Moray (14th), Caithness (18th), Nairn (21st), and Inverness-shire (21st). WorldNames PublicProfiler  also has the Munro surname as being very popular in New Zealand, as well as throughout Northern Scotland, including the Highlands, Argyll and Bute, the Western Isles, the Orkney Islands, Moray, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Perth and Kinross, South Ayrshire and East Lothian.   Famous People with the Last Name MUNRO H. H. Munro -  British short story author who wrote under the pen name SakiAlexander Munro of Bearcrofts - 17th century Scottish military leaderCharles H. Munro -  Canadian physician and politicianDonald Munro of Foulis - Irish mercenary settler in Scotland;  founder of Clan MunroJames Munro  - 15th  Premier of Victoria, AustraliaWilliam Munro - British botanist Genealogy Resources for the Surname MUNRO Munro DNA ProjectThis DNA project of over 350 members originated with Munro researchers whose ancestors settled in North Carolina. The group wants to become a resource for all Munro researchers worldwide interested in combining DNA testing with genealogical research to identify common Munro ancestors. Clan MunroLearn about the origins of Clan Munro and their family seat at Foulis Castle, plus view a family tree of the chiefs of Clan Munro, and learn  how to join the Clan Munro association. Munro Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Munro  family crest or coat of arms for the Munro surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. FamilySearch - MUNRO  GenealogyExplore over 1.3 million historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Munro surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website, hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. MUNRO  Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Munro surname. DistantCousin.com - MUNRO Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Munro. MUNRO Genealogy ForumSearch the archives for posts about Munro ancestors, or post your own Munro query. The Munro  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the popular last name Munro from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

The effectiveness of Hong Kong Law on antipirate relating to Essay

The effectiveness of Hong Kong Law on antipirate relating to Information technology - Essay Example In the 1990s, Hong Kong was the piracy capital of Asia, if not even the world. Compared to literature, music and movies, computer software is a comparatively new type of intellectual property. It is universally accepted that information technology piracy is protected by patent, trademarks and copyright laws, therefore the relevant legislation are to be studied to determine if there are any shortcomings, and also the other underlying factors which contribute to this phenomenon of piracy in Hong Kong are investigated before any conclusions are to be drawn. However, software is protected under the very similar legislations that administer music, literature, movies and other copyrighted content. Copying software illegally is not any different than illegally copying any of these forms of intellectual property - and the punishments for doing so are equally harsh (Anti-Piracy). Pirated software could be bought openly, cheaply and safely everywhere from the Golden Shopping Arcade (GSA) and Computer 33 Plaza in Shumshuipo to the "Internet Zone" at Whampoa Gardens and the Sinoplaza in the Mong Kok section of Kowloon (Wong, 2005). Hong Kong retail information technology and computer software piracy was also found in cyberspace. In August of 1996, the Business Software Alliance (BSA), working closely with the Alliance Against CD-ROM Theft (AACT), closed down an Internet site called Sammy Game Center, which offered illegal CD-ROM products for sale and export to the United States, the Netherlands, Sweden and Canada, via the net. Over the past several years, advances in computer software have brought us time-saving business programs, educational software that teaches basic skills and sophisticated subjects, graphics programs that have revolutionized the design industry, Internet applications that help connect us with other computer users, and an increasingly compl ex variety of computer games to entertain us (Pramog). As the software industry grows, everyone stands to benefit (Anti-Piracy). The areas of the law which specifically applies to information technology and computer software are closely looked into, and the types of legal remedies on offer are mentioned. The various other factors which affect information technology and software piracy are also discussed. It is noted that the various areas which affects the efficient enforcement of the legislation and explores the reasons why policing of anti-piracy laws are so problematic are also elaborately identified. It is attempts to provide solutions to tackling this problem of information technology related piracy. The purpose of this research paper is to examine the various factors which affect different kinds piracy related to the information technology in Hong Kong, with the aim of hoping to understand the reasons behind such activities, and attempts to suggest ways of tackling the problem. Generally speaking, a piracy in IT dector is someone who copies a program that is normally sold for a price but without paying f or using it. There are different existing piracy scales which been mainly used for examination the effectiveness of anti-pirate

Nokia company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Nokia company - Essay Example Strategy helps an organisation to attain competitive advantage which ascertains its success. The business operations of the company along with its manufactured goods were believed to be based on technology. The factor of technology has been considered to be crucial because of the rapid alterations and the constant developments. Therefore, the company in order to stay ahead in the competition required to deal adeptly with the altering technological environment. The issue of increasing competition and sustaining existence in such a tumultuous environment would be addressed in this study (Dittrich, 2005). Academic Foundations Concepts & Theories Regarding Strategic Management of Organisations Organisations have been stated to be an accumulation of individuals who are brought together and organised with the intention of attaining certain objectives. In this context, strategy has been referred as the means adopted by the mentioned accumulation of such individuals for the reason of turning to an effectual economic performer. Strategy could be described as a structure of behaviours with the help of which a particular organisation, by mishap or plan, builds resources. These resources are then employed for the purpose of providing products as well as services in a manner that is comprehended to be worth by the users. The delivery of the products as well as the services are carried out by adhering with the financial and other determined intentions along with the restrictions made obligatory by the chief stakeholders. Appropriate strategies offer an organisation with certain assets that are measured to be exclusive or rather distinguishing. It also provides the organisation the method for adjusting and redesigning its competitive benefits in accordance with the... It is evidently clear from the discussion that the origin of Nokia, the leading cell phone manufacturer, traces back to 1865 with the commencement of a project relating to forestry business by Fredrick Idestam who was a mining engineer in Finland. Finnish Rubber Works Ltd was set up in 1898 and the Finnish Cable Works commenced its functions in the year 1912. Slowly, the possession of the two companies along with Nokia started to change hands with few other owners. And then at last in the year 1967, these three mentioned companies were brought together which gave rise to the company called Nokia Corporation. The company has its headquarters at Espoo in Finland. Nokia Corporation is involved with the production of mobile gadgets along with appliances related to mobile network. It creates mobile gadgets with the facility of accessing internet on the gadgets. The company also offers services as well as resolutions relevant to its manufactured products throughout the globe. Nokia Corpora tion is involved with chiefly four kinds of business operations or divisions and they are multimedia, networks, mobile handsets and enterprise solutions. The company was stated to be the biggest producer of mobile handsets in the globe. It has a workforce which engages about 132,000 employees in more than 120 countries. In case of Nokia, after carrying out the internal and external analysis, it could be suggested that the company needs to take away its previous outdated models of mobile phones from the market as the requirements of the customers keeps on altering