Essay on The National Response Framework - 852 Words

Having a basic understanding of community or national emergency plans can assist families in disaster. This is especially true during the response phase. The National Response Framework (NRF) is a great example of a national community reference. According to FEMA’s publication, â€Å"The National Response Framework,† from 2013, the NRF is a guide which describes the basis of national response to any form of disaster. The NRF was developed from a long line of response guidance plans. The first was the Federal Response plan which was replaced by the National Response Plan. Then in 2008, the NRF was developed to make national response guidance more efficient as well as to include practices created after Hurricane Katrina. The NRF is comprised†¦show more content†¦This includes actions such as household hazard reduction and participating in voluntary organizations and programs (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2013c, p. 8). The Incident Command System Today, the Incident Command System (ICS) is a major component of NIMS and is widely used in emergency management response. However, this was not always the case. According to David A. McEntire and Gregg Dawson, authors of the article, â€Å"The intergovernmental Context,† ICS was originally developed by the fire service in 1970. Its purpose was to assist in the command of wildfire events. It was unique because it standardized operations, yet offered flexibility so that it could be used on any number of events, regardless of size or type (McEntire Dawson, 2007, p. 63). The book, â€Å"National Incident Management System: Principles and Practice,† by Dr. Donald W. Walsh, Dr. Hank T. Christen, Christian E. Callsen, Geoffrey T. Miller, Paul M. Maniscalco, Graydon C. Lord, and Neal J. Dolan, describes ICS as, â€Å"†¦a system for domestic incident management that is based on an expandable, flexible structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Walsh, et al., 2012, p. 12). Due to this flexibility, Walsh et al. state that ICS is commonly used by all levels of government as well as by a number of non-governmental agencies and the private sector. ICS is structured around five sections. These sections are command, operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration (Walsh, et al., 2012,Show MoreRelatedNational Response Framework2094 Words   |  9 Pages* Rank order (in order of priority) the 14 core capabilities of the NRF. Explain why you rank ordered 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Be specific. * Explain how the United States conducts an all-hazards response in the five preparedness mission areas of prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and disaster recovery. NIMS * When would a Deputy Incident Commander (Deputy IC) be necessary? Give examples. * In  The missing piece of NIMS: Teaching incident commanders how to function in theRead MoreDisaser Management1785 Words   |  8 PagesTrident University International Marvell R. Dean MHES 509 Module 1 1. How is a response to destruction from a terrorist incident different from a response to a natural disaster? Be specific, give examples, and quote from the readings. 2. You are a volunteer for the American Red Cross. You are to enter a scene of destruction in order to assist wounded victims. What are some precautions that you must take? What are some restrictions placed on you? From whom do you receiveRead MoreA Summary of the National Response Framework Essay2038 Words   |  9 PagesA Summary of the National Response Framework Amber Cotà © Pikes Peak Community College Abstract The purpose of this paper is to become acquainted with the evolution of national incident response over the last twenty years in America; and henceforth, gain a better understanding of the current multi-agency/multi-discipline approach to national disasters and emergencies. This summary briefly reviews the history of federal planning documents overRead MoreNational Response Framework for Terrorist Attacks559 Words   |  2 PagesThe National Response Framework Terrorist attacks are man-made attacks directed to harm or end the lives of civilians for the terrorists specific reasons. In the past, these attacks were seen as uncommon and were shocking to the public whenever they did occur; however, after the Trade Center incident of September 11th, the public and the government finally realized that terrorist attacks were no longer simply a rare occurrence, but something to be anticipated and prepared for properly (Pilat,Read MoreRoles And Responsibilities Of Emergency Management1225 Words   |  5 PagesThe efforts of response and recovery have proven to be key in helping those affected by emergencies. This paper will examine some of the roles and responsibilities that are taken to first time responders and mangers. It is important for emergency management to make sure that the team around them are given the right tools and knowledge to help assist people in emergency situations. Next, the discussion of the role of the state government has i n dealing with emergency management. When there are organizationsRead MoreThe National Interagency Incident Management System1231 Words   |  5 Pagesindistinct lines of power and terminology contrasts among offices, and unclear or unspecified incident destinations. In 1980, government authorities transitioned ICS into a national project called the National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS), which turned into the premise of a reaction administration framework for every elected agency with out of control fire administration obligations (Ready.Gov, 2007). From that point forward, numerous government organizations have supported theRead MoreThe National Incident Management System1579 Words   |  7 PagesThe National Incident Management System is a systematic guideline on how to effectively plan, mitigate, respond and recover, from significant incidences especially those that encompass diverse interest and involves all levels of governments. It works hand in hand with t he National Response Framework, which provides structure for incident management while NIMS provide the guide for all departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to workRead MoreThe Faceless Threat : Cyber Security And Critical Infrastructure1306 Words   |  6 PagesCyber Emergency Response Team (ICS-CERT) received over 290 reports of incidents involving CI in FY 2015, yet none of the attacks resulted in disruption of the grid (Armerding, 2016). Experts anticipate the sophistication of these attacks to increase with time, including attacks on data integrity (Overfelt, 2016). Helena Brito (2013) surveyed a group of experts among the CI community on probable attacks targeting the utility industry in regards to cyber security. The collective response suggested a generalRead MoreKey Influences On The Quality Improvement Accreditation System And The Current National Quality Framework1309 Words   |  6 Pages This essay will introduce five key influences on the establishing of education and care settings in Australia, the similarities and differences between the Quality Improvement Accreditation System and the current National Quality Framework. Maybanke Anderson and Lillian de Lissa as well as other people were pioneer who led the movement to early childhood education and care in Australia (OEDC,2000). Educational thinkers including Froebel and Pestalozzi and the associated development of preschoolRead MoreThe Federal Emergency Management Agency1123 Words   |  5 PagesThe Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) describes the National Planning Frameworks, which contains preparedness missions for the whole community (individuals, families, businesses, all types of community organizations, non-profit groups, media outlets, academies, and all levels of government including state, local, tribal, territorial, and federal partners, (FEMA 2015), as a way to foster a shared understanding of the roles and responsibilities from the first responders to the Federal government

The Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection - 1726 Words

Discussing Darwinian and Modern Evidence in Support to The Theory of Evolution by Natural selection Evolution is the gradual development of life on Earth. It is responsible for the unusual carnivorous plants (species such as Dionaea muscipula), the beautiful coloured plume of the male peacock, even the possibility of cells adapting to protect against continual low exposure to radiation (Russo, GL. et al 2012). Without it, the lavish diversity of organic life we interact with every day would be non-existent. The Origin of Species, first published in 1859 provides a wonderful insight into the establishment of Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. Throughout the book, Darwin commits a number of different considerations, but the basis of his theory is primarily built around the two key observations; the variation between species, and their fitness, relative to the measurement of reproduction success. Whilst aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin his theorisation between the relations of the past and present inhabitants, prompting a succession of accumulated facts, and speculated reflections concerning the ancestral origins of these species. It is the collection of these notes that are responsible for the array of conclusions which have helped shape our overall definition of evolution. When taking variation under domestication into consideration, Darwin principally attributed findings from his aviculture practices involving pigeons, resulting in the assumption,Show MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe theory of evolution by natural selection proposes that all species are related (Eade, S. and profile, V. 2014). There is estimated to be between 6 million and 100 million different species in the world, with more species undiscovered than those discovered; this is all owing to the concept of evolution (Borenstein, S. 2014). Evolution is defined as the â€Å"change in the characteristics of a species over many generations (Linstead, 2012).† The most widely accepted theory of evolution is natural selectionRead MoreNatural Selection And The Theory Of Evolution1536 Words   |  7 PagesNatural selection and The Theory of Evolution were just two of the things that Charles Darwin conquered through the exploration of The Galapagos Island. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, in Shrewsbury, England. While Darwin was still in high school, his main interest was nature, he was especially interested in beetles. Darwin’s father, Robert Darwin, who was best known as the father of the naturalist Charles Darwin, wanted Charles to become a doctor. Due to lack on interest in the medicine fieldRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection965 Words   |  4 Pages The beginning of life on earth was always thought out as Gods creation and evolution was just a mystery in itself. Many people have always been interested in their origins and have found explanations using evidence that validates the story, but where is the proof? In 1859 a man by the name of Charles Darwin wrote a novel called the Origin of Species basically expressing the theory of evolution by natural selection. An extremely complicated story, but a very effective explanation of life as weRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1027 Wo rds   |  5 PagesPart A: Evolution of Polar Bears Introduction The theory of evolution by natural selection (Darwinism), first formulated in Darwin s book On the Origin of Species in 1859, is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and that have more offspring. The first three ideas were already under discussion among earlier and contemporaneous naturalistsRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection926 Words   |  4 Pages Charles Darwin was the creator of Darwinism which is, â€Å"the theory of evolution by natural selection† (Junker 1). In school we are often taught that natural selection is survival of the fittest or the strongest wins. What seems to be a simple topic is actually one of the leading theories on the side of evolution in the highly controversial debate on Darwinism vs. Creationism. Darwinism states that certain genes in a population change through in dividuals. These â€Å"strong† genes are then produced moreRead MoreTheory Of Evolution By Natural Selection896 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. According to history, Charles Darwin is the first scientist to frame the theory of evolution by natural selection. It was publish in his book title On the Origin of Species 1859†. Darwin express the theory of evolution by natural selection as a process by which species change over a period of time. This change take place because of the changes in genetic and behavioral traits. The ability of the organisms to change over time or adjust to fit environmentalRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1692 Words   |  7 PagesDarwinian Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Background information Even though evolution is an ancient concept, Charles Darwin brought up a new idea focusing on naturalistic modification of a population over time. He believed that species differ over time and space. In other words, after a period of time creatures undergo genetic mutations in their genetic code in which the beneficial mutations are preserved and the disadvantage mutations are eliminated. This concept he termed as natural selectionRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection Essay1774 Words   |  8 Pagesinvariance and stability. Darwinism rejects all supernatural phenomena and causations. The theory of evolution by natural selection explains the adaptedness and diversity of the world solely materialistically. It no longer requires God as the creator or designer .Darwin pointed out that creation, as described in the bible and the origin accounts of other cultures, was contradicted by almost any aspect of the natural world. Randolph M. Nesse George C. Williams. Mayr believed that Lamarck did not holdRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1692 Words   |  7 PagesDarwinian Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Background information Even though evolution is an ancient concept, Charles Darwin brought up a new idea focusing on naturalistic modification of a population over time. He believed that species differ over time and space. In other words, after a period of time creatures undergo genetic mutations in their genetic code in which the beneficial mutations are preserved and the disadvantage mutations are eliminated. This concept he termed as natural selectionRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1486 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the evolution of the word, where you may or may not find altruistic behaviours and most importantly it’s like to evolutionary theory. Evolutionary theory was developed by Charles Darwin and documented in his book ‘On the Origin of Species’ (1859). In it’s most simplistic terms it explains how and why animals, including humans, have changed and evolved over time to become the way they are. One of his more well known and supported theories illustrated in his book is the theory of evolution by natural

Glass Castle Essay free essay sample

The parenting style that the Wall’s use on their kids is very different from what other parents use on kids. Jeanette’s mother Rose Mary is not motivated to do a lot of stuff for her kids. Rose Mary is supposed to play the role of caring for the kids and watching over them while the father is at work. The father, Rex Walls, is supposed to provide for the family such as, bring home money and food for the kids to survive. Throughout the book the parents, Rose Mary and Rex, often do not pay attention to their kids and are not responsible in looking after them. This issue causes the Walls’ kids to work for what they needed and how to be more independent in life. The Walls’ unique parenting style alternated between using their children and a hands-off approach, which made the kids self-reliant and they obtained their own idea of what the â€Å"American dream† actually was. We will write a custom essay sample on Glass Castle Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The parenting style the Walls use comes from the expectations that are not met while living under their gender roles. The father of a household is supposed to set an example for their kids and be the breadwinner for the family, and the mother is assumed to live under the father’s rules of the house. The reason Rex and Rosemary cannot live up to these standards is because they are living poverty. Rex is not able to keep a steady job because he gets tired of working and finds a reason to quit or get fired (Walls 67). This causes Walls to not have food to eat or a lot of clothes to wear. Since the kids do not have much to eat, they find odd jobs around the different towns they are in order to feed themselves. When Rosemary gets a job teaching, Rex goes to the bank with her to get all of the money she has earned (Walls 77). This is an example of how Rex wants to be the breadwinner, but he is unable to because of his job situation. This situation causes Rex to feel ashamed of himself because Rosemary is the only person earning money. When the children do not have money because of Rex being selfish, this causes them to be self-reliant in finding other ways to eat. Another parenting style the Walls used was the â€Å"sink or swim method† (Walls 65). Rex believed once there is a situation and you need to get out of it you could either sink in the problems or swim and be successful. Since Jeannette did not know how to swim, Rex taught her the hard way and pulled her in the hot pot then she learned how to swim. Rex wanted to teach Jeannette this way because in the past Jeannette would â€Å"sink† into her problems. Now Jeannette could â€Å"swim’ out of the situation and find a solution to survive. Another example of this would be when Jeannette was three and it was her first memory, she would cook food on the grill without adult supervision (Walls 9). She ended up burning herself while cooking, this taught her the hard way to be more careful when she was cooking. It was a tough lesson that Jeannette did not know before but after the incident she would be cautious when she was by herself. These examples of the Walls parenting method stuck with Jeannette all through out her life. If there were a problem going on she would find a way to get out of and not end up with a bigger problem and that taught Jeannette to be self-reliant and not depend on others. Many people argue that the Walls’ parenting style made the children dependent on other people and not self-sufficient. The parenting style did not work on Maureen the youngest of the Walls’ children. She is always depends on her friends to get her food, and stays with her friends because their was is nicer and warm (Walls 173). Maureen’s way of getting to the American dream is to rely on others, which started off at a young age. Jeannette and Lori depended on other people to hire them for odd jobs. The kids were also dependent on society when they would dig for half eaten food and bottle caps in the dumpster. Although the claim is valid, it suffers from a flaw in its reasoning. It is true that they had to depend other people for odd jobs, but they were self-reliant in going around to find jobs. They also were self-reliant in when they when dumpster diving for food. They did not want to go in the dumpster and find food, they needed to in order to feed themselves. This goes back to the sink or swim method that Rex instilled in the kids. They could have â€Å"sunk† and not eaten, but instead they â€Å"swam† and found a way to not starve. One of the reasons Maureen turned out the way she did is because she was not born yet when the older siblings were learning their lessons. When Maureen was old enough to understand anything, Rex was always drunk and never with the family so he never had a strong connection with Maureen. This is what caused Maureen to be reliant on others and not reliant on herself. In conclusion, the Walls’ parenting style differed from other households. Their parenting style taught their children how to be self-reliant and not depend on others for help. The major reason why the children were independent is because of Rex and the family’s financial situation. The financial situation of the family caused the kids to find their own food and not rely on the parents to always have food for them to eat. The â€Å"sink or swim† method really stuck with the Walls’ children the most. This method taught the children to not â€Å"sink† and fail at what they are trying to achieve, but to â€Å"swim† or flourish with the situation they are given. Another reason this method stuck with the children is because it taught the kids the hard way, such as if they hurt themselves, then they would not make that mistake later on in life. These are the reasons the children gained their own knowledge of what self-reliance was and what the American dream was.

The European Colonization of Africa free essay sample

His thirst for expanding his own Belgian empire grew strong. He learned as much as one could about colonization and profit, and when he realized that no colonies were available for purchase, he knew he must use force. His eyes were set on Africa. Only in Africa could Leopold hope to achieve his dream of seizing a colony, especially one immensely larger than Belgium (Hochschild 61). As one of the greatest conquests in world history, along with the Jewish holocaust which killed 11 million people, the European conquest of Africa killed over 10 million people cutting the population of the Congo by at least half (Hochschild 233). In thoroughly understanding this tragic event in history, it is important to explore why Europe conquered and colonized Africa, how this conquer was accomplished, and Africas response to it. Greed was at the center of King Leopolds European conquest and colonization of Africa. In his mid-twenties Leopold read the book Java about how to manage a colony, and began corresponding with the author J. We will write a custom essay sample on The European Colonization of Africa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page W. B. Money (Hochschild 37). Leopold thought colonies existed to make him rich, and dreamed of the money, power, and respect they would bring him. Leopold thought the Congo was perfect for colonization because it was still ran by its indigenous people, was rich in resources, and was much larger than the land he already owned. The Congo River drains more than 1. 3 million square miles, an area larger than India. It has an estimated one sixth of the worlds hydroelectric potential. Most important of all, for a nineteenth-century empire-builder, the river and its fan-shaped web of tributaries constitute more than seven thousand miles of interconnecting waterways, a built-in transportation grid rivaled by few places on earth (Hochschild 61). Despite the diseases that were there, such as Malaria and sleeping sickness, Congo was an ideal territory for King Leopold to colonize. King Leopold learned that ivory was very plentiful in the Congo and was their biggest export. An average pair of elephant tusks can produce a hundred pounds of ivory, and King Leopold planned to capitalize from it (Hochschild 64). There was a mass market for goods made from ivory. Ivory from elephant tusks was shaped into knife handles, billiard balls, combs, fans, napkin rings, piano and organ keys, chess pieces, crucifixes, snuffboxes, brooches, and statuettes† (Hochschild 64). In addition to ivory, King Leopold made a fortune from rubber, which had become a very lucrative resource. He forced the Congolese into unpaid labor to collect sap from rubber plants. He tricked Europe and the rest of the world into believing that he only wanted to bring Western civilization to the Congo and suppress the slave trade; however, his true aim was for personal profit using forced Congolese labor and torturing or killing anyone who did not cooperate. Leopold profited from the work of unpaid slaves greatly. He treated the slaves harshly without proper food and shelter. He cut off the workers hands as punishment for not meeting the work quota, and he held their wives and children as hostage. The women were often raped and/or starved to death. King Leopold secretly amassed a fortune at the expense of the Congolese people, while several countries believed his facade and honored him for his humanitarian efforts in the Congo. King Leopold used manipulation, deceit and force to build his brutal regime in the Congo. Famous explorer Henry Morton Stanley was already familiar with much of the region along the Congo river basin, and was paid by King Leopold to return to Africa to begin colonizing. Stanley quickly began this colonization by manipulating over 450 native chiefs into signing over all land ownership in exchange for cloth. The chiefs had no idea what they were signing. Few had seen the written word before (Hochschild 72). The chiefs thought they were agreeing to a friendship treaty, as they were accustomed to doing with other villages. Leopold was able to establish control forcefully because of the advantages he had over the Congolese. Stanley had already observed that the Congolese were not of any military threat. Leopold had gun technology including breech loading rifles, the repeating rifle, and the machine gun. Leopold also had medicine to help combat disease, especially Malaria. Steamboats allowed Leopold to take advantage to the river. Hundreds of thousands of Africans were treated as slaves to perform various labor including to porter, cut wood to fire steamboat boilers, and they often died from exhaustion. As the demand for rubber grew due to the bicycle and car industry, so did the demand for workers. Leopold knew Congo had the largest supply of rubber, and unpaid workers were extremely important in the collection of rubber. Leopold enforced a taxation that required local chiefs to supply workers to collect rubber without being paid. Those who refused or did not supply enough rubber were punished. Their villages were burned down, children were murdered, and hands and heads were cut off. Entire villages of people were demolished. The chicotte was a tool commonly used to beat the people of Congo. It was just as much associated with Leopolds rule as was the steamboat and rifle. The chicotte is a whip of raw, sun-dried hippopotamus hide, cut into a long sharp-edged cork-screw strip Its blows would leave permanent scars; more than twenty-five strokes could mean unconsciousness; and a hundred or more-not an uncommon punishment-were often fatal (Hochschild 120). The Congolese began to rebel, escape, and fight back against King Leopold. Though the people of the Congo were disadvantaged in military power, they escaped and fought back as much as they could. Rebellions were formed in refusal of Belgian sovereignty. The rebels attempted to escape by fleeing their villages and hiding in the forests. They cut rubber vines so they were no longer useful, and set fire to the rubber vine forests. One of King Leopolds men was quoted saying They have just been and cut some rubber vines We must fight them until their absolute submission has been obtained, or their complete extermination Inform the natives that if they cut another single vine, I will exterminate them to the last man (Hochschild 229). In retaliation for the natives leaving their villages, King Leopolds Force Publique soldiers took their animals and burned their huts and crops, leaving them no food (Hochschild 229). The Force Publique soldiers went into the forest to find and kill rebels hiding there. The natives sometimes left their young children behind to die in fear that the crying would give away their hiding places. The soldiers were ordered to cut off the hands of every rebel they killed and bring them back as evidence of the killing. Many times, the soldiers cut off and collected the hands of living Congolese in order to meet quotas given to them. Many children were victims also. The few Congolese that lived near the Congos borders were lucky enough to escape into a different country. Around 30,000 natives dispersed into French and British territory, but many of them were unsuccessful and drowned in the Luapula River (Hochschild 229). Everyone else had no recourse but to escape into the deep forest where chance of survival was slim. Most of the Congolese rebellions were unsuccessful, but not in vain. The outcome of King Leopolds regime was catastrophic. Murder, starvation, exhaustion, disease, and low birth rate left Congo completely depopulated and devastated. No one was safe in King Leopolds reign during the rubber boom, as even small children were killed during this massacre. Many of the Congolese survived King Leopolds murdering sprees, but died from starvation and exhaustion. The Congolese were forced to work hard without adequate food by King Leopolds officers. When they escaped into the forest they had no food or shelter. Disease had a larger death toll in the Congo than anything else. Malaria was already present in the Congo, but many new diseases were brought into the region from Arab slave-traders. Small pox and sleeping sickness caused the most fatalities. Due to families being separated during the rubber boom, and women being held hostage and starved, the birth rate decreased tremendously. Many women refused to bear children as it would hamper them from escaping when necessary. Also, families were terrorized, and people did not want to raise a child in those dangerous conditions. The fall of King Leopold began with Edmund Dene Morel, a British shipping clerk who observed King Leopolds atrocities while working to supervise the loading and unloading of ships in the Congo. In the 1890s, Morel discovered that Congo exported tons of rubber to Belgium, but only guns and bullets were shipped back. He quit the shipping job and became a newspaper reporter to expose King Leopolds mistreatment of the Congolese. Roger Casement went to the Congo on behalf of the British government to investigate if the conditions Morel described were true. Casement found that they were, as he discovered evidence of forced labor, hostages, terror, and murder. Casement and Morel then worked together to form the Congo Reform Association, and they exposed Leopolds murderous regime to the world. The photographs they released of the terror inflicted on the Congolese got the attention of many countries, including the United States. Under global pressure, King Leopold relinquished control of his regime to the Belgian government. He did shortly after. Ultimately, King Leopold II obtained the colony he dreamed of all his life. He lead the genocide of Congo, leaving it a dark, desolate burial ground. King Leopold was greedy for power and profit, and he lied, manipulated, raped, tortured, and murdered innocent people to get it. For many years he was perceived as a noble humanitarian. As it was revealed, King Leopold II was far from a humanitarian, yet a murderer of genocidal proportions. The final chapter of Hochschilds King Leopolds Ghost: King Leopolds Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa is titled The Great Forgetting. This horrific colonization of Congo is not a part of the general education school curriculum anywhere in the world. Even in African history books, King Leopold is described in a noble, heroic light as someone who fought against the Arab slave-traders to end slavery in Africa. Remarkably, the colonial Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren Museum) did not mention anything at all regarding the atrocities committed in the Congo Free State.